%0 Journal Article
%@nexthigherunit 8JMKD3MGPCW/46JKC45
%@holdercode {isadg {BR SPINPE} ibi 8JMKD3MGPCW/3DT298S}
%@archivingpolicy denypublisher denyfinaldraft24
%@secondarymark A_CIÊNCIAS_AGRÁRIAS A_CIÊNCIAS_BIOLÓGICAS_I A_ENGENHARIAS_I A_GEOCIÊNCIAS A_INTERDISCIPLINAR
%3 gielow_above.pdf
%D 2008
%4 sid.inpe.br/mtc-m18@80/2008/10.22.13.39
%T Above-ground thermal energy storage rates, trunk heat fluxes and surface energy balance in a central Amazonian rainforest
%@usergroup administrator
%@usergroup deicy
%V 148
%@affiliation Instituto Nacional  de Pesquisas Espaciais,(INPE/CPTEC)
%@affiliation Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
%@resumeid
%@resumeid 8JMKD3MGP5W/3C9JJ53
%X The thermal (physical) energy storage rates (ESR) of the above-ground components of a terra firme forest site in central Amazonia, Brazil,were determined for a set of typical days during the dry season of 2003 and the wet season of 2004, and their relevance to the surface energy balance was studied. To obtain the ESR for the above-ground part of the biomass (trunks, branches and litter), thetemperatures of one trunk of adominant tree species of the forest site were measured at three height levels and several radial depths. To compute the ESR in the other parts of the above-ground biomass (twigs, leaves and small size components such as palmsand lianas) and the ESR atmospheric fraction, the temperature of the air wasmeasured at four different heights inside and above the forest. The air, trunks and other biomass components contributed 35%, 40%and 25%to the total daily ESR of the forest respectively. For the hourly values during themorning, the total ESRwasusually observed to be between 30 and 70Wm2, but with maxima that can exceed 90Wm2; during rain events minima as low as 200Wm2 were observed. During the night and at dawn and dusk, the total ESR may constitute a sizable fraction of the net radiation, on some occasions equaling, or even exceeding it. On a daily basis, values of the total ESR were observed to be between 40% and 5%of the net radiation, depending on the weather conditions during the day. Further, the inclusionof theESRtocompute the surfaceenergybalanceimproves its closure,mainlyduring the daylight period and, particularly, during themorning hours; but the best closure occurs for the days inwhich the daily balance of the total ESR is positive. Finally, simplified expressions are presented for those components of the ESR which do not depend on trunk temperature.
%8 jun
%@versiontype publisher
%@area MET
%@secondarykey INPE-15431-PRE/10166
%@copyholder SID/SCD
%@documentstage not transferred
%@e-mailaddress deicy@cptec.inpe.br
%K tropical forest, energy balance, energy storage, heat, thrunk, Amazonia.
%@doi 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.00
%@issn 0168-1923
%@group DMA-CPT-INPE-MCT-BR
%@group DMA-CPT-INPE-MCT-BR
%N 6-7
%@secondarydate 200806
%@dissemination WEBSCI; PORTALCAPES.
%P 917-930
%A Michiles, Alessandro Augusto dos Santos,
%A Gielow, Ralf,
%B Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
%2 sid.inpe.br/mtc-m18@80/2008/10.22.13.39.54
%@secondarytype PRE PI